COMSATS University Islamabad

Multistep synthesis of novel indole–benzimidazole hydrazone hybrids as xanthine oxidase inhibitors: In-Vitro evaluation, molecular docking, MD simulations and DFT studies

This work reports the synthesis of a focused library of indole-benzimidazole hydrazone hybrids ( 17 - 35 ) via a multistep procedure involving thiolation, hydrazination, and Schiff base condensation. The final structures were confirmed using 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and FT-IR spectrosc...

A Hybrid ViT-ECA-CF Framework with Adaptive Loss Reweighting for Imbalanced White Blood Cell Classification

Background: White blood cells (WBCs), also known as leukocytes, play a central role in immune defense, and accurate WBC classification is essential for a hematological assessment and computer-assisted diagnosis. However, a severe class imbalance remains a major challenge in deep-...

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of pyrimidine linked fused thiazole–isoxazole conjugates as dual cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects over 55 million individuals worldwide, yet approved pharmacotherapies remain limited to symptomatic relief. Dual inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) offers a validated approach to restoring choliner...

Hybrid deep learning for three-way classification of human-written, AI-generated, and AI-rephrased text

Abstract The rapid proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has made it increasingly difficult to distinguish AI-generated and AI-rephrased text from authentic human writing, posing serious risks to academic integrity, journalism, and e-commerce credibility. This paper prese...

Drivers of continuance participation intention in online retail sales events

Purpose This study aims at identifying the major drivers influencing the consumers' continuance participation intention (CPI) in online retail sales events (ORSE). It focuses on the associations of ritualistic consumption and deal proneness with shopping engagement (SE), the asso...

Machine learning-assisted engineering of dual-metal chalcogenide-MXene based composite for enhanced supercapacitor application

Transition-metal chalcogenides (sulfides and phosphides) have been extensively explored with MXene as supercapacitor electrode materials. However, these studies have largely been limited to binary systems (sulfide/MXene or phosphide/MXene), most of which suffer from low conductiv...

Dimer-interface effects on tetramer stabilization and tryptophan dynamics in allosterically modulated TPH-II

Tryptophan hydroxylase-II (TPH-II) controls the rate-limiting step of neuronal serotonin biosynthesis and plays a central role in neuropsychiatric health. As proper tetramer formation is essential for TPH-II stability and function, targeting its quaternary structure through allos...

Associations of the will to live with loneliness and psychological resilience in young and middle-aged Turkish adults

The will to live is a key motivational resource related to meaning, adaptation, and well-being. Most previous research has focused on older adults in Western countries, with limited evidence in younger populations and non-Western contexts. This study examined the relationships be...

Decellularized plant-derived scaffolds as biomimetic platforms for bone tissue engineering

Plant-derived decellularized scaffolds have emerged as sustainable and structurally versatile biomaterials for tissue engineering; however, their potential for supporting early osteogenic responses remains insufficiently explored. In this study, decellularized scaffolds derived f...

Intelligent neural network–based framework for Maxwell nanofluid flow with Soret–Dufour coupling and nonlinear thermal radiation

This study examined the optimization of the Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation approach, which uses artificial neural networks, to calculate the interacting features of Soret and Dufour effects on convective Maxwell nanofluid flow through a porous surface with nonlinear thermal...

Development and physicochemical and sensory evaluation of protein-enriched lactose-free ice cream using coconut milk and chickpea

Growing global awareness of sustainability, health concerns and dietary restrictions has increased demand for lactose-free dairy substitutes. This research aimed to develop lactose-free ice cream made from coconut milk and chickpeas as plant-based alternatives. Accordingly, six f...

Effects of organic amendments on greenhouse gas emissions and productivity of mungbean under subtropical field conditions

Abstract Background Agricultural practices contribute a significant proportion of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, notably carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) released through the application of fertilizers. Organic amendments have the potential to support sustainable...

Green finance and digital transformation: how financial products drive sustainability in China

Purpose This study focuses on the impact of financial technology adoption (FTA), financial robo-advisors (FRA) and virtual banking services (VBS) on sustainable performance in three separate but interconnected performance dimensions, including economic, social and environmental....

Mitigation of drought and cadmium stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum) through blue-red LED light and ginger-mediated ZnO nanoparticles

Drought and cadmium stress are among the significant challenges for wheat production, leading to yield losses and quality issues. Therefore, current study was aimed to investigate the effect of ginger ( Zingiber officinale )- mediated green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NP)...

A multicriteria decision making approach for ranking gastric cancer drugs based on topological indices and physicochemical properties

Abstract Chemical graph theory offers a mathematical approach to molecular structure representation and physicochemical property investigation through descriptors based on graph theory. In this study, a QSPR model is developed for analysis of some gastric cancer drug molecules by...

Enhanced electrochemical properties of Ni2+/Fe3+ doped ZnCo2O4/rGO nanocomposite for superior supercapacitor performance

The work reports a Ni 2+ /Fe 3+ co-doped ZnCo 2 O 4 and their composites with reduced graphene oxide for supercapacitor electrodes. The XRD analysis revealed slight peak shifts indicating lattice strain without phase degradation. XPS results confirmed the presence of Zn 2+ , mixe...

A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study With Cost and Predictive Analysis of Inappropriate Proton Pump Inhibitor Prescribing at a Tertiary Care Oncology Hospital

Background: PPIs are among the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide. In cancer treatment settings, they are often used preventively and to manage gut complications. Nonetheless, the issue of inappropriate prescribing continues to persist. Objectives: The aims and objectives o...

Semantic-Conditioned Spectral Fusion for Label-Efficient Multispectral Adaptation of Frozen Remote-Sensing Vision–Language Models

Remote-sensing vision–language models (RS-VLMs) yield transferable, text-alignable representations, yet are pre-trained on three-band RGB imagery and therefore cannot exploit the red-edge, near-infrared and short-wave-infrared bands that carry much of the discriminative signal in...

Identification of a novel lncRNA signature for the diagnosis of TNBC basal subtype

TNBC stands out as a particularly aggressive type of breast cancer (BC). Considering this, our prospective study focuses on developing a lncRNA signature that can aid in the diagnosis of the TNBC subtype. Differential expression analysis was performed on the TCGA-BRCA dataset and...

Combined effects of difenoconazole and salinity stress on growth, photosynthetic pigments, and oxidative responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Environmental contamination by pesticides and salts is a growing agricultural issue, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Difenoconazole (DIF), a commonly used fungicide, and sodium chloride (NaCl), a widespread salinity stressor, often coexist in soil and water, yet their c...