Children's Hospital Zagreb

Delayed normalization of tissue transglutaminase antibodies in children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM1) and celiac disease (CD) can coexist in a patient. The aim was to evaluate the characteristics of children with both CD and T1DM and children with CD alone and to compare normalization rates of tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A c...

Comparative Toxicological Profiling Reveals Divergent Redox, Mitochondrial, and Cellular Toxicity to Structurally Diverse Opioids

Opioid neurotoxicity is increasingly associated with oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DNA damage; however, direct mechanistic comparisons among structurally diverse opioids remain scarce. We comparatively evaluated morphine, codeine, heroin, buprenorphine, and met...

Brain MRI Features of Human Neuroinvasive Usutu Virus Infections

Background/Objectives: Neuroradiological features of neuroinvasive Usutu virus (USUV) infection are poorly understood, as current knowledge is largely limited to case reports. This study aimed to describe brain MRI patterns, and assess disease severity and vital and functional ou...

Topical Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Phimosis in Children

Phimosis, the inability to retract the prepuce over the glans penis, is one of the most common reasons for referral of boys to pediatric surgeons and urologists, yet the great majority of cases represent a normal developmental stage rather than true disease. Distinguishing physio...

A Critical Methodological Review of Clinical Scores, Machine Learning, and Large Language Models for the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Appendicitis

Background/Objectives: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency of childhood, yet its diagnosis remains difficult because presentations are atypical, inflammatory markers are nonspecific, and the consequences of error run in both directions, from negative appendec...

Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency and coeliac disease: Immune response dynamics

Abstract Objective To analyse the serological immune response in paediatric patients with selective immunoglobulin A deficiency (SIgAD) and coeliac disease (CeD), focusing on immunoglobulin G antibody dynamics after starting the gluten‐free diet (GFD). Methods Data from SIgAD pat...

Electric Scooter and Electric Bicycle Injuries in Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Injury Patterns, Clinical Outcomes, and Prevention

Electric scooters (e-scooters) and electric bicycles (e-bikes) are established urban micromobility modes, and children and adolescents form a growing share of riders. This narrative review synthesises peer-reviewed evidence on e-scooter and e-bike injuries in patients aged 18 yea...