Children's Healthcare of Atlanta

Human immunodeficiency virus infection mimicking very early onset inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO‐IBD), defined as diagnosis before 6 years of age, is often associated with immune dysregulation and monogenic etiologies; however, infectious mimics may be overlooked in low‐prevalence regions. We report a 4‐year‐old male...

Changes in Coronal and Sagittal Plane Alignment After Transphyseal ACL Reconstruction Performed Within Two Years of Skeletal Maturity: Results From the PLUTO Study Group

Background: For patients with open physes approaching skeletal maturity, transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with soft tissue autograft and metaphyseal fixation is often preferred. Although iatrogenic physeal injury is rare, growth disturbances have been...

Feasibility of Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality–Brief Intervention in an Emergency Department With Youth Who Are Suicidal

BACKGROUND: Emergency departments (EDs) are key entry points for many youth experiencing suicidal thoughts and behaviors into mental health care. ED clinicians play a critical role in crisis intervention, prevention, and linking patients to ongoing care, yet many report uncertain...

Thy1-Neuron p38α knockdown protects against neurological consequences following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) can substantially impact quality of life, and repetitive mTBIs (rmTBIs) can amplify injury effects compared to a single injury. However, effective clinical treatments remain elusive, largely due to an incomplete understanding of the underlying...

Evaluating Creative Cognition as a Risk and Resilience Factor for Burnout in Pediatric Emergency Medicine

OBJECTIVES: Burnout is common among pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians, but the relationship between creative problem-solving (CPS) preferences and burnout is not well understood. This study examined associations between CPS mindsets and burnout in PEM. METHODS: This c...

Developing a Dual-Targeting CD33/CD70 CAR T-Cell Strategy Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia to Overcome Tumor Heterogeneity

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains the deadliest form of leukemia in children and adults despite therapeutic advances in recent decades. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is one such therapeutic approach that has been explored preclinically and clinical...

22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review for Pediatricians From Diagnosis to Adult Care Transition

Affecting ~1 in 4000 to 6000 live births, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common chromosomal microdeletion syndrome. It results from a 1.5 to 3 Mb heterozygous deletion at chromosome 22q11.2 and is associated with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, inc...

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection in Children From 8 Days to 5 Years of Age

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infants and young children, with a prevalence of 7% in infants with fever. This clinical practice guideline (CPG) provides an update of the literature and clinical recommendations of the 2011 American...

Real‐world outcomes of nivolumab‐ AVD and brentuximab vedotin‐ AVD in paediatric and adult advanced‐stage Hodgkin lymphoma

Summary Brentuximab vedotin (BV)‐doxorubicin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (AVD) and nivolumab (N)‐AVD have transformed the frontline treatment of advanced‐stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), yet real‐world comparative data remain limited. In this multicentre retrospective study across 1...

Variations in diagnosis and management of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus across neonatal intensive care units in the Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium

Abstract Objective Collate patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) guidelines among Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC) centers and identify variations in the diagnosis and management of hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA). Study Design: A descriptive survey requesting wri...

Impact of post‐chemotherapy classification on outcomes in stage III and IV unilateral favorable histology Wilms tumor: Pooled data from Children’s Oncology Group AREN0532, AREN0533, and AREN03B2 studies

Abstract Background Improvements in therapy for patients with favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) have relied on refinement of risk stratification for therapeutic assignment through identification of favorable and unfavorable prognostic factors. Although well established in In...

An Fc receptor and IgA functional signature identifies TB disease in children living with HIV

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children living with HIV (CLHIV). TB disease is difficult to detect with current clinical microbiological, immunological, and radiographic tools. Serological assays that determine levels of...

Preferred characteristics of long-acting injectable antiretroviral treatment for adolescents with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a qualitative study of key stakeholders

Adolescents with HIV (AHIV) in South Africa experience poor outcomes across the HIV care continuum. Long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy (LAI-ART) may address key adherence barriers, but its acceptability and feasibility among AHIV remain understudied. As formative quali...

Opioid limiting law and opioid prescriptions among Medicaid-enrolled survivors of childhood cancer

Abstract Background Many U.S. states have enacted opioid-limiting laws to curb the opioid epidemic, often capping opioid prescriptions at seven days. How these laws affect opioid prescribing among long-term survivors of childhood cancer remains unclear. Methods Using Medicaid cla...

Burden and Risk Factors for Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Among Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes substantial morbidity in pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients; however, risk factors for severe disease remain incompletely characterized. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study acros...

Engineering hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to generate red blood cells as viral traps against HIV-1.

. In sum, this work presents a potential strategy for the one-time delivery of CD4-RBC viral traps through autologous transplantation of engineered HSPCs.

Validation of AACN’s Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool–Team

Background In 2024, the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) updated the Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool (HWEAT), renamed HWEAT-Team. Objective Validating HWEAT-Team for interprofessional use. Methods This was a multisite, descriptive, nonexperimental corr...

Feasibility of Real‐Time Central Risk Assignment for Children's Oncology Group Pediatric Renal Tumor Trials

BACKGROUND: The Children's Oncology Group (COG) AREN03B2 Renal Tumor Biology and Classification Study undertook real-time central reviews to enable accurate risk stratification for enrollment on therapeutic trials. The present study assessed the feasibility of the central review...

Immunological imprinting shapes the cross-reactive antibody responses to the KP.2 and LP.8.1 vaccine doses

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.86 subvariant, a lineage derived from the BA.2 strain, led to the 2024-2025 COVID-19 vaccine update to include KP.2 or related JN.1-lineage spike antigens. We evaluated the magnitude, breadth, and durability of humoral immune responses...

Variation in In-Hospital Emergency Transfer Rates Across Pediatric Hospitals

BACKGROUND: Clinical deterioration with late escalation, termed emergency transfer (ET), is a key safety metric. However, national benchmarking is limited by variable definitions. We sought to estimate pooled ET rates and assess variation across pediatric hospitals. METHODS: We p...