Centre for Addiction and Mental Health

Schizophrenia research in 2026: report from the annual meeting of the Schizophrenia International Research Society

Abstract SIRS 2026, held under the theme “Schizophrenia Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence,” brought together researchers, clinicians, and persons with lived experience to take stock of a field whose tools for measuring, predicting, and intervening in psychosis have e...

The Association Between Price and Household Purchasing of No-Alcohol Beer in Great Britain and Spain

Background: The ethanol in alcoholic beverages is toxic to human health. Reducing alcohol-related harm, a major public health priority, requires reductions in the amount of ethanol consumed. Alongside policies that increase alcohol prices and restrict availability, encouraging su...

Housing-based support models for individuals experiencing homelessness, substance use and mental health needs: a rapid review

Abstract Background Individuals experiencing homelessness and substance use and mental health needs face high rates of mortality. Stable housing is a critical determinant of health, yet the evidence on existing housingbased support models and their effectiveness for improving beh...

Simulating Human L2/3 Cortical Microcircuit Aging Cellular and Synaptic Mechanisms and Associated EEG Biomarkers

This is the readme for the model associated with the paper: Guet-McCreight A, Tripathy S, Sibille E, Hay E. Linking age changes in human cortical microcircuits to impaired brain function and EEG biomarkers UPDATE: Added "Circuit_Simulation_NEURON9" folder for code updated to work...

Consensus-based clinical and research recommendations for use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the context of eating disorders: a modified Delphi study.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), initially developed for type 2 diabetes management and later expanded to obesity treatment, have shown preliminary efficacy in reducing binge eating episodes. However, the appetite-suppressing and weight-loss effects of GLP-1R...

Treatment outcomes after initiating buprenorphine/naloxone or methadone for opioid use disorder among First Nation Peoples in Ontario, Canada

Background The Canadian opioid toxicity crisis has disproportionately harmed First Nation Peoples. We compared opioid agonist treatment (OAT) outcomes within this population. Methods Our population-based cohort included First Nation Peoples in Ontario, Canada, who initiated bupre...

Might cannabis Legalization Have Affected Public Health-Relevant Alcohol- and Tobacco-use Outcomes in Canada?

Canada legalized the non-medical use and supply of cannabis in 2018. The public health-relevant outcomes of cannabis legalization documented to date have been mixed, with decreases in cannabis-related crime and illegal distribution markets, while with increases for many – acute a...

Balancing data quality and participant burden: a comparative analysis of abbreviated vs extended symptom diaries in the CanTreatCOVID trial

Abstract Background Symptom diaries are widely used in acute respiratory infection trials to capture patient-reported symptom severity and recovery. Longer questionnaires may provide a more complete clinical picture but can increase participant burden and reduce adherence. Eviden...

Psilocybin

This JAMA Insights discusses the medical use of psilocybin, particularly for depression treatment, including emerging potential indications, safety, and future use.

Individuals with intellectual disability and complex epilepsy: a case study of diagnostic overshadowing

People with intellectual disability have a higher prevalence of epilepsy, care complexity, comorbidity and polypharmacy than the general population. These patients are often found to be on multiple medications without a clear rationale for ongoing prescriptions. Recent evidence h...

De-escalation training across crisis-response sectors: a scoping review protocol

There is growing concern about violent or harmful encounters between crisis-intervention professionals and practitioners and individuals experiencing acute mental health crises, including those presenting with severe behavioural disturbances related to mental health concerns and/...

Characteristics of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Anorexia Nervosa: Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Anorexia Nervosa in Twins (CREAT) Study

ABSTRACT Objective To characterise the clinical and phenotypic profile of the Comprehensive Risk Evaluation for Anorexia nervosa in Twins (CREAT) cohort, identify candidate risk and illness‐related correlates of AN, and establish a foundation for forthcoming biological, neuroimag...

Neurophysiological signatures of Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy in treatment resistant depression

ABSTRACT Objective Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) has demonstrated impressive efficacy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but its neurophysiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the neurophysiological correlates of SNT using transcra...

Challenging the predictive coarse-to-fine hypothesis in emotional face perception

Introduction Predictive processing (PP) accounts conceptualize perception as an interaction between top-down predictions and bottom-up sensory inputs. In the visual domain, low spatial frequencies (LSF) convey coarse information, supporting early predictions, refined by high spat...

Impact of prompt engineering and workflow modifications on the performance of a Delphi-based automated abstract screening system in a psychiatric systematic review

Large language models (LLMs) can facilitate the labor-intensive screening of literature for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Ensembling multiple LLMs to reach consensus on screening may allow locally deployed LLMs to achieve acceptable performance while reducing hallucinatio...

The efficacy of ketogenic interventions on neuropsychological & metabolic outcomes in serious mental illness & neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review & meta-analysis

Ketogenic interventions have garnered attention for their potential benefits in individuals with psychiatric and neurocognitive disorders. This review analyzed findings from studies investigating the impact of ketogenic interventions on clinical outcomes in individuals with serio...

Resilience and Protective Factors for Mental Health among Indigenous Youth in Canada: A Scoping Review

Abstract Indigenous youth’s inherent strength and resilience play a vital role in their well-being and mental health. Protective factors, closely linked to resilience, spanning individual, family, and community levels reinforce positive mental health outcomes. The purpose of the...

The practical impact of numerical variability on structural MRI measures of Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Numerical variability is rarely quantified in neuroimaging despite many measures relying on subtle morphometric differences across individuals. We instrumented FreeSurfer 7.3.1, a widely used neuroimaging pipeline, to simulate numerical differences across computational e...

Evaluating the costs of developing a digital supervision tool for task-shared depression care: findings from a multi-site study in India

BACKGROUND: Task-sharing with non-specialist providers offers a promising solution to the mental health workforce shortage in low-resource settings. Supervision is essential to ensure treatment quality, but is often constrained by limited specialist availability. AIMS: This study...

Prevalence and Characteristics of Long-Stay Forensic Patients With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Ontario Population-Based Study: Prévalence et caractéristiques des patients hospitalisés pour de longs séjours dans un service médico-légal et présentant des déficiences intellectuelles et développementales : Une étude fondée sur la population de l’Ontario

Objectives This study examined the point prevalence of patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in Ontario forensic inpatient units and compared the demographic, clinical, and system-level profiles of long-stay forensic patients with and without IDD. Metho...