Burnet Institute

Seroprevalence of 17 pathogens from an integrated national serosurvey in Niue

Integrated serosurveillance (ISS), using multiplex bead assays to measure antibodies to multiple pathogens, can provide insights into population immunity and pathogen exposure. We estimated seroprevalence for neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), arboviruses, vaccine-preventable di...

Sex work or male-with-male sexual activity and the risks of HIV and hepatitis C acquisition among people who inject drugs: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) may engage in sexual behaviours that increase their HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk, including sex work and male-with-male sexual activity. We undertook a global systematic review to assess whether PWID who engage in these behaviours...

Chronic pain treatment experiences and barriers among opioid agonist treatment participants who inject drugs: A qualitative study

Abstract Background and aim Co‐occurring chronic pain affects nearly half of people receiving opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment. Although this pain is often severe, it is usually inadequately managed. Stigma and clinical complexity associated with OUD are thought to further res...

Global incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is a slow-growing cancer, which requires substantial resources for monitoring and management. CLL is most common among older people; however, there is a lack of understanding of its incidence in some reg...

Diagnostic accuracy of a malaria rapid diagnostic test compared with polymerase chain reaction in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a secondary data analysis

Abstract Background Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used in malaria endemic countries in both clinical and community settings for timely diagnosis, case management and surveillance. Since Greater Mekong Subregion countries approach malaria elimination with residu...

Exploring the functions of NKG7 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during malaria

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a significant global health issue. CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are important for immunity against Plasmodium infections, but the specific roles of many immune-related effector molecules in T cells remain poorly defined. Here, we investigate...

Technology meets time: assessing the impact of clinical decision support tools for viral hepatitis in primary care (the HepLOGIC pilot and feasibility study)

Lack of diagnosis and management of hepatitis B and C in Australia contribute to the increasing burden of liver cancer and other adverse outcomes for those affected. The Hep atitis and l iver cancer o utcomes in g eneral practice: an i ntervention c ollaboration (HepLOGIC) study...

Outcomes and associated risk factors among hospitalisations attributed to invasive group A streptococcal disease in Northern Queensland, Australia: a 21-year population-based data linkage study

Abstract Purpose Invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) disease is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of iGAS infection and associated risk factors in Northern Queensland, Australia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was...

Why Are Cascade Birth Interventions Rising?

The increasing use of birth interventions has prompted global policy and research focus. This study attempts to enhance our understanding of why this increase is occurring. Using a population-based dataset of over 1.3 million births in New South Wales, Australia (2004–2018), we i...

Characterising the Beyond 50 Cohort: Preliminary Exploration of Physical and Psychosocial Health Factors and Substance Use Among a Cohort of Community Dwelling Adults Aged 50–70 Years

ABSTRACT Introduction Older adults exhibit unique risks associated with poor mental health and substance use. The Beyond 50 study is a longitudinal cohort investigating the determinants of healthy ageing, including relationships between physical and psychosocial health and substa...