Boston Medical Center

The 2026 Joseph W St Geme Jr Leadership Award Speech: Now Is the Time

The following is an address given by the 2026 recipient of the Joseph W St Geme Jr Leadership Award, presented by the Federation of Pediatric Organizations at the Pediatric Academic Societies' meeting on April 24, 2026.

Cross-sectional Comparison of the PREVENT and Pooled Cohort Equations for 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Estimates in a U.S. Cohort of Black and Latina Transgender Women with HIV

Background: Transgender women with HIV face higher rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) than the general population. However, ASCVD risk estimators use binary sex variables that may misclassify their risk. We examined the effects of sex variable inputs in the P...

Comparative Effectiveness of Phenobarbital vs Diazepam for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Importance Phenobarbital use for alcohol withdrawal syndrome is increasing, but its effectiveness and safety have largely been compared with lorazepam rather than against more pharmacokinetically similar long-acting, self-tapering benzodiazepines such as diazepam. Objective To em...

Sleep trajectories in pregnancy: associations with trauma exposure, PTSD, and postpartum depression

Sleep during the perinatal period is often highly disrupted due to maternal biopsychosocial changes that accompany pregnancy. Poor sleep quality is a symptom of PTSD, while insomnia often emerges after a traumatic event and commonly co-occurs with PTSD. Trauma exposure as well as...

A Community-Based Behavioral Intervention and Body Mass Index in School-Aged Children

Importance Childhood obesity remains a major concern in the US, with increases in body mass index (BMI) observed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Scalable behavioral interventions are needed to support obesity prevention in community settings. Objective To evaluate the eff...

Cervical Disc Arthroplasty: Evolution, Evidence, and Future Directions in Motion-Preservation Surgery

➢ Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) provides clinical outcomes comparable with those of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for 1-level and 2-level cervical degenerative disc disease (DDD), with durable long-term motion preservation. ➢ Although CDA is associated with lo...

Voice-First Mental Health Care for Older Adults in Africa

This Viewpoint proposes voice-first systems as a design hypothesis warranting priority development and evaluation to support mental health care for older adults in Africa.

Anticoagulation Treatment Response Among Phenotypic ESUS Clusters: Evidence From CASPR

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate treatment effect heterogeneity across phenotypic clusters of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke using causal inference methods. Methods From a retrospective, multicenter cohort of patients with cryptogenic embolic stroke, we estimated the trea...

Orthobiologic Augmentation for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Is Not Associated With Improved Clinical or Radiographic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Purpose To review current randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of orthobiologic augmentation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) for clinical or radiographic outcomes. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science databases were queried...

Decreasing Ghost Scanning in Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Impact of a Visual Prompt to Save Images.

BACKGROUND: Ghost scanning, performance of point-of-care ultrasound without image archival, can adversely affect patient care, billing, quality assurance, and result in medicolegal concerns. This study evaluated the Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (eFAST) gh...

Musculoskeletal pain and atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study

Given the morbidity and mortality of atrial fibrillation (AF), identifying factors associated with its onset is a priority. Chronic pain affects one-third of Americans and is linked to cardiovascular disease outcomes, including stroke and mortality. Since there are common pathoph...

Associations of Brain Structure and Neuropsychological Function With Artificial Intelligence Estimates of Biological Vascular Age

BACKGROUND: Accelerated vascular aging, assessed as artificial intelligence–based vascular age (AIVA), is associated with small vessel disease that may impact brain structure and neuropsychological function. METHODS: In a cross-section of Framingham Heart Study participants, AIVA...

Effect Modification of Rescue Stenting in ICAS-Related Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: The Role of Thrombectomy Failure, Stenosis Severity, and ASPECTS

Rescue stenting (RS) is increasingly used for intracranial artery stenosis-related large vessel occlusion (ICAS-LVO), but optimal patient selection remains uncertain. We investigated the baseline and procedural factors associated with receiving RS and whether they modified the as...

Age-Friendly Health Systems in Hospital at Home: An Integrated Healthcare System Cross-Sectional Survey

Background Age-Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) is an evidenced-based initiative structured on the 4Ms framework (What Matters, Medications, Mentation, and Mobility) to improve care for older adult patients and has been implemented across the United States in various care settings....

Association of gaming with international student’s mental health and well-being at Georgian universities

Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) is a behavioral addiction with notable psychological and social consequences. Although studied globally, limited data exist on IGD among international students in culturally distinct contexts like Georgia. This study explored the associations betwee...

Utility of IL ‐18 Immunohistochemistry in Distinguishing Dermatomyositis and Lupus Erythematosus in Skin Biopsies

ABSTRACT Background Distinction of dermatomyositis ( DM ) and cutaneous lupus erythematosus ( LE ) in skin biopsies is often difficult due to significant histopathologic overlap. Prior transcriptional analysis has identified upregulation of IL ‐18 in DM compared with LE . We aime...

Gender Minority Stress, Testosterone, and Blood Pressure Responses to Stress in Transgender and Nonbinary Adults

Trans and nonbinary adults assigned female at birth (TNBF) are at elevated cardiovascular risk, an effect proposed to occur secondary to testosterone use. However, gender minority (GM) stress may also contribute to cardiovascular risk. Therefore, we examined the relative associat...

PrEP reinitiation, uptake, and persistence as targets for reducing HIV incidence and racial and ethnic inequities among men who have sex with men in Boston, USA: a network modeling study

Background A decade of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has lowered HIV incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) but not enough to meet Ending the HIV Epidemic goals, and racial and ethnic disparities persist. The PrEP era has produced a population of former users facing lo...

Association of prenatal exposure to opioids, cannabis, and polysubstance use with cord blood DNA methylation patterns in a multiancestry cohort

Abstract Background: Blood DNA methylation patterns are highly predictive of prenatal exposure to smoking and differential methylation has been associated with maternal alcohol use. We extended this to determine whether DNA methylation patterns in cord blood are associated with p...

“I Just Need Guidance Through This Maze I’m Going Through”: Addressing Unmet Basic and Mental Health Needs to Facilitate Engagement in HIV Prevention Services in the Context of Stimulant Use

There is a global syndemic of HIV, mental health challenges, substance use, and structural barriers. Critical to local HIV prevention efforts is understanding this syndemic in the context of rising stimulant use to inform intervention development. Adhering to the EPIS model, we c...