Azerbaijan Technical University

Determinants of CO2 Emissions in Azerbaijan’s Manufacturing and Construction Sectors: The Roles of Energy Intensity, Output, and Investment (ARDL–ECM with Structural Breaks)

This study investigates the determinants of CO2 emissions in Azerbaijan’s manufacturing and construction sector (MC), focusing on the roles of energy intensity, output scale, and investment. Using annual time-series data for the period 2007–2023, we apply the ARDL-ECM model, whic...

Comparative study of different europium doping techniques on the structural and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles

Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized via a co-precipitation method and doped with Eu 3+ ions using three different approaches: in-situ doping during synthesis (Eu:ZnO(P)), post-synthesis doping (Eu:ZnO(S)), and modification of commercially available ZnO (E...