At Bristol

Sex work or male-with-male sexual activity and the risks of HIV and hepatitis C acquisition among people who inject drugs: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

Background People who inject drugs (PWID) may engage in sexual behaviours that increase their HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) risk, including sex work and male-with-male sexual activity. We undertook a global systematic review to assess whether PWID who engage in these behaviours...

Competing methods of divergence time estimation recover diverse evolutionary timescales

Abstract Molecular clocks convert evolutionary distances into geological times to infer time-scaled phylogenies. Methods differ in terms of fossil calibration strategy (node versus tip) and whether they use molecular and/or morphological data, but their relative performance remai...

Faculty Uses and Perspectives on Generative AI: Experiences From Two UK Veterinary Schools

Abstract The relatively recent emergence of generative AI (GenAI) tools and their potential to influence many aspects of faculty and student experiences requires rapid insight into these tools’ current uses, perceived challenges, and opportunities. A survey-based study was carrie...

Prenatal substance exposure and developmental outcomes at age 5: a population-based cohort of 260 000 children in New South Wales, Australia

Objectives We quantified the risk of developmental support needs at school entry among children with and without prenatal substance exposure, to inform service delivery initiatives in the first 2000 days of children’s lives. Methods We assembled a cohort using population-level pe...

Common variant contributions to neurodevelopmental risk in orofacial clefts

Abstract Background Children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) experience increased rates of neurodevelopmental difficulties, including ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and educational challenges. While rare neurodevelopmental copy number variants (ND-CNVs) are enriched in this...

A reusable model of pangenome selection informs optimal surveillance strategies over vaccine introductions

Abstract Background The human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of disease, including pneumonia and meningitis. The introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines (PCVs) initially reduced the burden of disease through a reduction of colonisation by vaccine-targe...

The Worldwide Burden of Parkinson's Disease Is Growing, but Its Incidence Is Not: Lessons from Population‐Based Studies

Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. Supporting Information. COI_disclosure. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the aut...

Streamlined durability monitoring of DuraNet® Plus and Interceptor® G2 insecticide-treated nets in Northern Region, Cameroon: assessment results in two sites from 2022 to 2025

Abstract Background Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are a critical vector control and malaria prevention tool. Routine monitoring of ITN physical and chemical durability is key to assessing their performance under real-world conditions. A streamlined ITN durability monitoring met...

First draft genome sequence of the emerging sexually transmitted dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes genotype VII

Abstract Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS-genotype VII (TMVII) is a globally emerging sexually transmitted dermatophyte causing severe skin infections characterised by painful, pustular lesions on the face, public area, genitalia, and trunk. To inform the prevention efforts, we pr...

Oral health and systemic health outcomes: A call for interdisciplinary action

Abstract Objectives To make the case, from periodontology and dental public health, for interdisciplinary action on oral and systemic health, and to set out recommendations for practice, policy, education, and research. Materials and Methods A joint working group of the European...

A survey among geriatricians on geriatric oncology and geriatric surgical oncology models in Europe

Abstract Purpose To provide an up-to-date overview of geriatricians’ involvement in oncological and onco-surgical care for older adults across Europe. Methods An anonymous 35-item online survey was distributed via (inter)national societies between 10 April and 23 May 2025. The re...

The Mother Nature Programme: a single-arm mixed-methods feasibility study of a group nature-based intervention for mothers experiencing postnatal mental health difficulties and their infants

Abstract Background Postnatal mental health difficulties are common and often under-treated. Nature-based interventions have potential mental health benefits, but little research has focussed on their applicability postnatally. This study examined the acceptability and feasibilit...

‘Talk CKD Options’: improving how clinicians communicate treatment options in advanced kidney disease using a conversation analysis-based training intervention

Abstract Background Most older people with kidney failure and multiple co-morbidities must decide between dialysis or conservative kidney management. Dialysis is often presented as the default, despite providing uncertain survival benefits in this population. The Optimising Staff...

Understanding possible differences between haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration which affect survival in end-stage kidney disease dialysis patients: the STITCHED study halted by the COVID-19 epidemic

<ns5:p>Background The mortality rate of kidney dialysis patients remains high, predominantly due to cardiovascular disease. The clearance of uraemic solutes with standard high-flux haemodialysis (HD) is mainly mediated by diffusion. More recently, haemodiafiltration (HDF), which...