Aerospace Information Research Institute

Cross-Resolution Fusion of AlphaEarth Foundations Embeddings and GF-1 Imagery via Semantic Anchor-Graph Enhancement for Litchi Orchard Extraction

Litchi is an important cash crop in China. Accurate litchi orchard extraction is crucial for agricultural management and economic development. However, litchi orchards are spectrally very similar to evergreen broad-leaved forests and are poorly resolved in medium- and low-resolut...

An Agent Framework for Land Resource Monitoring and Analysis

This paper proposes an agent framework for land resource monitoring and analysis. The framework organizes and encapsulates domain knowledge and operational workflows into standardized skill units, enabling the agent to perform task planning, execution, and reflection under skill-...

Shape‐Adaptive Flexible 3D Air‐Gap Phased‐Array Antennas via Mechanically Guided Assembly

ABSTRACT 3D architectures in flexible electronics provide an effective route to decouple mechanical compliance from functional performance, which is particularly important for shape‐adaptive radio‐frequency systems on curved platforms. However, flexible radio‐frequency devices re...

Code and data for Constraining Aerosol–Cloud Interactions via the Droplet–Aerosol Trends Discrepancy

This dataset and associated code are provided in support of the Science Advances paper “Constraining Aerosol–Cloud Interactions via the Droplet–Aerosol Trends Discrepancy” (Wang et al., 2026) and fulfill the Data and Materials Availability requirements of the publication. Abstrac...

SWCNTs/PEDOT:PSS-modified microelectrode arrays reveal striatal–hippocampal neural encoding of movement initiation and place fields during goal-directed navigation

Goal-directed navigation necessitates coordinated interactions among multiple brain regions, with the hippocampus and striatum playing critical roles in spatial representation, movement-related information, and reward-related evaluation. The hippocampus, particularly the cornu am...

Enhanced early warning of extreme river discharge events in the Yangtze River Basin using atmospheric circulation signals

Early warning of extreme river discharge events (ERDEs) is crucial for water resources management and disaster reduction in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), yet substantial uncertainty remains in their prediction. This study proposes a novel strategy to enhance ERDE early warning b...

Fine-Grained Tree Species Classification in Urban Forests via Phenology–Structure Synergistic Fusion of Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data

Urban forest tree species composition and spatial distribution are essential for refined greenspace management, ecosystem-service assessment, and forest-health monitoring. High-resolution imagery captures crown texture and spatial boundaries, multi-temporal NDVI reflects phenolog...

Adaptive background suppression-based plume identification, emission estimation, and ground validation of coal mine methane in Changzhi, Shanxi, China

This study developed a coal mine methane remote-sensing monitoring framework centered on adaptive background suppression using high-spatial-resolution multispectral data from Sentinel-2. The framework integrates methane column enhancement retrieval, automated plume detection, and...

Observation-constrained clear-sky direct radiative forcing of black carbon containing aerosols reveals distinct radiative regimes across urban Asia

Black carbon (BC) aerosols exert a strong yet uncertain influence on the atmospheric energy balance, yet their radiative forcing estimates remain poorly constrained. Current top-down and bottom-up approaches remain limited in resolving how microphysical evolution and column prope...

Net carbon losses in Central African forests revealed by high-resolution biomass change maps

Dense humid forests in Central Africa hold vast biomass carbon stocks but are increasingly affected by small-scale disturbances that are difficult to detect with current satellite observations. Here, we generate 10 m canopy height maps for 2019–2022 using deep learning with space...

An integrated remote sensing framework reveals zone-specific ecological response trajectories to open-pit mining on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau

Rapid mining expansion on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau threatens its fragile alpine and arid ecosystems, with complex and spatially heterogeneous impacts, underscoring the need for long-term quantitative monitoring to support effective management. To address gaps in prior work that...

Detection of linear deformation features in arctic landfast ice using InSAR and deep learning

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) provides a powerful tool for observing landfast-ice deformation. Linear deformation features (LDFs) are narrow structures associated with fracture development in landfast ice. However, studies on the automated detection of LDFs fro...

Magnetic Interference Compensation Method for a Deep-Sea Human-Occupied Vehicle Based on Dynamic Excitation

Human-occupied vehicles (HOVs) provide an ideal platform for high-resolution near-bottom magnetic anomaly detection. However, complex platform-generated magnetic interference severely limits the reliable extraction of weak magnetic signals. The conventional Tolles–Lawson (T–L) mo...

In vivo magnetic recording of neuronal action potentials using a differential TMR magnetrode

Abstract Neuronal magnetic signal recording intrinsically provides vector information and tissue transparency, offering a potential route to overcome the spatial resolution limitations of conventional electrophysiological recordings. However, in situ detection of neuronal magneti...

Assessing Land Cover Change and Forest Sustainability in a World Heritage Context: Evidence from the Okapi Wildlife Reserve

Long-term monitoring of land cover dynamics is essential for evaluating conservation outcomes in World Heritage sites, yet remains challenging in conflict-affected regions with limited field observations. This study aims to reconstruct annual land cover dynamics and assess forest...

Lakeshore transformation and water color dynamics: A satellite-based 23-year assessment of nine plateau lakes in Yunnan, China

Study region Nine plateau lakes in Yunnan, China. Study focus We developed an extended lakeshore utilization classification framework to categorize lakeshores as natural, agricultural, or artificial using fixed maximum shorelines. We then derived the Forel–Ule Index (FUI) of the...

A Change-Point-Based Deformation Grouping Strategy in Long-Term Near-Real-Time Deformation Monitoring

Distributed Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DSInSAR) technology has been widely applied in areas with complex terrain and dense vegetation. However, DSInSAR is computationally intensive and requires considerable processing time. When new observations become av...

Synergistic Effects of an Interlaced Mountain–Lake–Plain Terrain on Wintertime PM 2.5 Pollution in Central China

Abstract The role of plain–lake–mountain mixed terrain surfaces on fine particle (PM 2.5 ) pollution is still unclear. Here, a Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry modeling study was designed for a winter PM 2.5 pollution episode in Central China with two...

Geometry-Informed Adaptive Time-Series Fusion of ADS-B Sensor Data for Short-Term Aircraft Trajectory Prediction

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) systems provide continuous aircraft position reports for aviation surveillance and short-term trajectory prediction. However, many data-driven predictors directly model the longitude, latitude, and altitude contained in ADS-B mes...

High-Precision Visual Absolute-Localization Method for Deep-Space Probes Based on Salient Landmarks

To address the scarcity of high-precision control points on planetary surfaces and the accumulated drift of conventional relative-localization methods in deep-space exploration missions, this paper proposes a visual absolute-localization method based on salient-landmark contour m...