Zijie Xie

RCA–RAP Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixtures: Mass–Volume Non-Equivalence and Recycled Binder Availability in Mix Design and Performance Interpretation

Combining recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) creates a coupled aggregate–binder design problem. This review critically synthesizes RCA–RAP studies, supplemented by relevant single-material evidence, to clarify how mater...