Zian Zhuang

Neoadjuvant PD1 plus CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade in surgically resectable recurrent glioblastoma: a randomized surgical window-of-opportunity trial

Abstract We conducted a randomized surgical window-of-opportunity trial ( NCT04606316 ) in recurrent, resectable glioblastoma. Between 2021 and 2024, 71 patients were screened, and 63 were randomized (intention-to-treat [ITT] population), and 58 received study treatment. Patients...