Zhiwei Zhu

Exosome-packaged ILK from healthy female serum stimulate osteogenesis via the MAPK signaling pathway

The pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP) is multifactorial, with impaired osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) serving as a fundamental pathological basis. Enhancing osteogenesis is a key strategy for OP therapy. Exosomes are recognized as promising cell-f...