Zhili Liu

Proximity of anterior mediastinal tumors to the left innominate vein as a predictor of surgical difficulty in subxiphoid VATS: a retrospective analysis

Subxiphoid video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (SVATS) is widely used for anterior mediastinal tumor resection, yet proximity to major vessels creates technical challenges. This study quantifies how the vertical distance between the tumor and the left innominate vein (LIV) predi...