Zhibin Zhao

Comparative influence of opioid-free versus opioid-containing anesthetic techniques upon Th1/Th2 balance during laparoscopic colorectal cancer procedures: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Surgical resection is central to colorectal cancer management, but surgery and anesthesia can induce perioperative immunosuppression. Opioids, a mainstay of perioperative analgesia, may impair cellular immunity, including disruption of Th1/Th2 immune equilibri...