Zhenxia Ma

Nicotine pharmacokinetics and abuse liability of commercially available tobacco products: an open-label, randomized, controlled study

This clinical study evaluated the abuse liability and nicotine pharmacokinetics of five tobacco products: conventional cigarettes, heated tobacco products (HTPs), e-cigarettes, snus, and tobacco-free nicotine pouches (NPs). In a controlled, randomized trial with adult smokers, we...