Zachary A. David

Vertebral heart scale measurements in Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) and sun bears (Helarctos malayanus)

This retrospective study aimed to establish vertebral heart score (VHS) reference ranges for Asiatic black bear ( Ursus thibetanus ; ABB) and sun bear ( Helarctos malayanus ; SB), and to evaluate interspecific differences and the effects of biological variables on VHS measurement...