Yuan Gao

Artificial intelligence for microsatellite instability detection in precision oncology: a systematic review from 2015 to 2025

Abstract Microsatellite instability (MSI) and mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) are clinically actionable biomarkers that guide immunotherapy selection and prognostic stratification across multiple solid tumors. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and nex...