Yannick Simonin

Widespread circulation of West Nile and Usutu viruses in sedentary and migratory avifauna: A two-year study (2024–2025) of active surveillance in South of France

Abstract West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are neurotropic Orthoflaviviruses sharing a similar enzootic transmission cycle primarily involving Culex pipiens mosquitoes as vectors and birds as amplifying hosts. First identified in Africa, both viruses established endemi...