Yang Xu

Orientation-Specific Multi-Objective Optimization of Building Envelopes for University Library Reading Spaces: A Design Framework Based on Field-Calibrated Simulation and Hierarchical Decision-Making

University library reading spaces face high occupancy and summer cooling demand, making envelope design critical to thermal comfort, energy use, and daylighting. Existing retrofits use uniform window-to-wall ratio (WWR) and shading but seldom consider orientation-dependent photot...