Xinpeng Xu

Lung ultrasound-guided protocolized fluid management versus conventional central venous pressure-based management in monitoring extravascular lung water during the perioperative period of percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomized controlled trial

Background Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common surgical intervention to treat renal calculi. Excessive irrigation fluid absorption during surgery may enhance extravascular lung water (EVLW) level. Hence, accurate monitoring and protocolized management of EVLW are cruc...