Xiaoming Zhang

Prolonged Sublethal Imidacloprid Exposure Reduces the Functional Response and Searching Efficiency of Orius similis Against Frankliniella occidentalis

ABSTRACT Neonicotinoid residues can compromise biological control in integrated pest management, yet the role of exposure duration is rarely quantified for predatory bugs. Here, we compared short‐term (24 h) and long‐term sublethal exposure to imidacloprid (LC 10 and LC 20 ) on t...