Wolfgang Thomae

Endoscopic Decompression Versus Fusion for Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Structured Debate and International Practice Patterns

Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) combines neural compression with a variable mechanical phenotype, creating uncertainty over whether decompression alone is sufficient or fusion is required. Over the last few decades, endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) has opened new avenue...

Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Decompression for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Structured Debate and International Practice Patterns

Endoscopic spine surgery has advanced from a percutaneous niche technique to a mainstream platform for lumbar decompression. This original study examines the relationship between endoscopic and microscopic platforms across 7 contested domains, using an embedded cross-sectional si...