Víctor H. Cárdenas

Beyond comoving volume: horizon flux and matter creation in modified cosmology from the unified first law of thermodynamics

Abstract We explore the derivation of the Friedmann equations from a thermodynamic perspective, applying the unified first law of thermodynamics to the apparent horizon of a flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe. We extend this framework to incorporate gravitat...