Trannum Rahim

A Scientifically Robust and Regulatory Critical Fish ( Pimephales promelas ) Full Life Cycle Study with Ibuprofen: Fulfilling Chronic Toxicity Data Gaps to Support Informed Environmental Risk Assessment

Robust chronic ecotoxicological data are essential for EU pharmaceutical regulation, yet many ibuprofen studies in the public domain fail to meet quality criteria, creating uncertainty in its chronic aquatic toxicity profile. Additionally, due to the cost and complexity of full l...