Toru Maruo

Time-Course Evaluation of Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiencies and Growth Characteristics of Lettuce Cultivated Under Artificial Light Using a One-Way, Reduced-Discharge Hydroponic Cultivation Unit

The recirculating flow hydroponic cultivation unit (RFC) used in plant factories with artificial lighting requires nutrient solution replacement to prevent growth inhibition caused by nutrient imbalances and allelochemical accumulation. Although sustainable systems are needed to...