Tong Zhu

Rapamycin‐nanoliposomes target the mTORC1 ‐mediated autophagy–lysosomal and NLRP3 /Caspase‐1 pathways to inhibit nucleus pulposus cell senescence in intervertebral discs

Abstract Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell quiescence maintains intervertebral disc homeostasis, while mTORC1 regulates autophagy–lysosomal function and inflammatory secretion to preserve quiescence—rapamycin specifically targets mTORC1. Herein, we fabricated rapamycin‐nanoliposomes (ra...