Tomas Lund

Matched Friction Under Hysteresis: A Programmatic Proposal for a Measurement Schema of Learning Optima

Nine independently-developed traditions in learning theory and belief-revision — Yerkes–Dodson arousal, Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development, Kalyuga’s expertise-reversal, Bjork’s desirable difficulties, the spacing and testing effects among them — have each characterised an i...

Substrates Encode Experience, Not Information: An Encoding-through-Loading Framework with Cross-Substrate Tests in Language Models

Why does the same instructional support that helps a novice harm an expert? The expertise reversal effect is well established in instructional psychology but lacks a process-level mechanism. This paper proposes a recursive strategy-choice race account and tests it in language mod...