Toby J. Blundell

HEPES: A Unique Case of Conformational Multi-ZwitterionicPolymorphism

Abstract HEPES (2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethane-1-sulfonic acid) is a widely used buffering agent in biological and biomedical research. Here, we reveal an exceptional solid-form landscape for HEPES. In addition to the two previously known polymorphs, we discover and c...