Tetsuya Sanda

Seawater sprinkling promotes swim bladder inflation and reduces lordosis during mass-scale seed production in the leopard coral grouper Plectropomus leopardus

Abstract Lordosis caused by failed swim bladder inflation (SBI) is a major constraint on the production of Plectropomus leopardus . During seed production, an oil film applied to prevent surface trapping impedes air gulping and hinders SBI. We developed a full-surface seawater sp...