Symbat Baygazy

Elemental Composition, Sources, and Health Risks of Ambient PM2.5 in Ust-Kamenogorsk (Oskemen) and Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

Atmospheric pollution by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) poses a severe threat to public health in industrial regions of Kazakhstan, such as Ust-Kamenogorsk and Pavlodar, where a sharp continental climate exacerbates toxic element accumulation. This study aimed to compare the ele...