Shoaib Afzal

Higher plasma vitamin D levels are not causally associated with less age‐related macular degeneration

PURPOSE: Higher levels of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D have been associated with a lower risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We investigated observational and potential causal associations of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D with the risk of AMD in two large contemporary popu...

Incidentally detected vertebral fractures and risk of myeloma: a prospective cohort study of 9059 CT-scanned Danish general population individuals

Vertebral fractures are frequently detected incidentally on computed tomography (CT) scans performed for other indications in individuals with no symptoms of a fracture [ 1 ]. In myeloma, >45% of patients have vertebral fractures at the time of myeloma diagnosis [ 2 ]. However, t...

Elevated remnant cholesterol is estimated to mediate part of excess cardiovascular risk in the metabolic syndrome: two cohort studies of 537,885 individuals

Abstract Background Individuals with the metabolic syndrome have elevated remnant cholesterol and increased cardiovascular risk. We tested the hypothesis that elevated remnant cholesterol mediates part of the excess risk of myocardial infarction, atherosclerotic cardiovascular di...