Se Byul Kang

The Energy-Deficit Hypothesis of Autism

🇬🇧 ENGLISH This hypothesis paper proposes that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be conceptualized as an immune-metabolic disorder in which multiple maternal pro-inflammatory cytokines—including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ—converge on fetal mitochondrial dysfunction during pre...