Sawitree Pisutpiched

Surface modification of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils derived from rice straw waste using alkyl ketene dimer for enhanced hydrophobicity

In this study, unbleached rice straw soda pulp (UP) was used to produce highly reactive TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCN) via TEMPO-mediated oxidation with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) at 5 mmol g⁻¹ under pH 10 for 2 h. Alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was then used to chemicall...