Sahas Bhandari

PNM Theory: A Theory of Narrating from Presence, Built on the Philanthropic Narrator Method

PNM Theory sets out the theory behind the Philanthropic Narrator Method (PNM), a field method in which a researcher pairs one photograph they took themselves with a short public narrative of about 200 words and an open record of how the piece was made. The theory starts from one...

The Philanthropic Narrator Method (PNM): Core Methodology with Extended Companion on Positioning, Protocol and Worked Example

This document presents the official methodological formulation of 'The Philanthropic Narrator Method (PNM)' and 'The Visual Encounter Method (VEM)', an indigenous qualitative research framework developed by Sahas Bhandari for field practitioners and independent scholars in Nepal.