Richard Thomas Bardon

Vacuum Property Decomposition from the ADM Plebański Factorisation: β and γ Separation, Shapiro Deflection Asymmetry, and Near-Horizon Vacuum Structure

The effective refractive index obtained from Plebański’s constitutive relations for the Schwarzschild metric in isotropic coordinates — here termed the Plebański index — encodes the gravitational vacuum’s optical response as a single scalar 𝑛(𝑟). The Arnowitt–Deser–Misner (ADM) d...