Reinhard Gruber

Dental Procedure-Related Emphysema: A Scoping Review of Clinical Presentation, Anatomical Distribution, Management, and Outcomes

Background/Objectives: Dental procedure-related emphysema is an infrequently reported complication of dental care that may extend from superficial facial tissues into deep cervical, mediastinal, orbital, thoracic, intracranial, or vascular compartments. This revised scoping revie...

Agreement Between Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Bone Sounding, Pulse–Echo Ultrasound, and Caliper Measurements for Gingival Thickness Assessment: A Method-Comparison Study

Background/Objectives: Accurate assessment of gingival thickness (GT) is important for periodontal and implant treatment planning. Methods: In this method-comparison study based on prospectively collected clinical data from 2012, GT was assessed at standardized buccal sites using...