Rafay Naeem

IslamicLegalBench: Evaluating LLMs knowledge and reasoning of islamic law across 1,200 years of Islamic pluralist legal traditions

Abstract As millions of Muslims worldwide turn to LLMs like GPT, Claude, and DeepSeek for religious guidance, a critical question emerges: Can these AI systems reliably reason about Islamic law? This paper introduces , the first multi-school benchmark for evaluating LLM performan...