Rabindra Bhandari

Seismic fragility and reliability of elevated water tanks as urban water-supply lifeline components under near-fault ground motions: a demand amplification framework

Abstract Urban water-supply systems depend on elevated water tanks for storage, pressure support, firefighting, and post-earthquake service continuity. This study evaluates the component-level seismic fragility and reliability of three 250 m 3 Intze-type reinforced-concrete frame...