Ping Zhang

A Frequency-Field Picture of Gravity: An Operational Interpretation of the Schwarzschild Solution

General relativity provides an exceptionally successful geometricdescription of gravity, but the relation between gravitationalfrequency shifts, local measurement standards, and free fall can bedifficult to visualize directly. The Schwarzschild solution alreadycontains a natural...

Gravitational Frequency Modulation and the Assembly of Local Operational Frames

Recent advances in precision atomic-clock experiments have established that intrinsic clock frequencies depend measurably on the surrounding gravitational environment. In the present work, this experimentally verified frequency modulation is taken as the primary physical input an...

Gravitational Frequency Modulation and the Assembly of Local Operational Frames

Recent advances in precision atomic-clock experiments have established that intrinsic clock frequencies depend measurably on the surrounding gravitational environment. In the present work, this experimentally verified frequency modulation is taken as the primary physical input an...