Myltykbayeva A. T

Regional Innovation Disparities in Kazakhstan: Input–Output Misalignment in an Official Panel, 2014–2025

How are innovation inputs and measured outputs distributed across the regions of a resource-dependent post-Soviet economy, and how closely do they correspond? We use a balanced official panel of Kazakhstan’s 17 regions for 2014–2025 (204 region–year observations) covering four in...