Muhammad Bilal Akram

Left Atrial Myopathy as a Phenotypic Axis in HFpEF: Implications for Pulmonary Hypertension, Exercise Intolerance, and Targeted Therapy

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly heterogeneous syndrome characterized by impaired ventricular relaxation, systemic inflammation, and multisystem cardiovascular dysfunction. Despite growing recognition of HFpEF as a major global health burden, eff...