Muayad Azzam

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Role of Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Pediatric Patients Following Urinary Tract Infections: Technical Report

BACKGROUND: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) may be present in as many as 40% of children without known underlying neurogenic bladder or anatomic abnormalities in whom a first urinary tract infection (UTI) is diagnosed. This article reports on a technical review investigating the diag...

Long-term evaluation of kidney biopsy outcomes to guide continuous quality improvement

Abstract Background Kidney biopsy is essential for diagnosis and management but carries bleeding risks. Efforts to reduce bleeding may compromise tissue adequacy, highlighting the need to systematically evaluate biopsy performance. Understanding factors that influence both safety...