MD Showket Hasan

Scaffold or Cognitive Crutch? A Two-Level Meta-Analysis of AI Scaffolding Effects on Achievement and Self-Regulated Learning in STEM Education

Background. Artificial intelligence (AI) now mediates much of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning, yet adoption has outpaced theory. The tension is whether AI scaffolding relieves cognitive burden or performs the self-regulatory work autonomy require...