Masahiko Okubo

The effect of thickened carbonated liquids on oral and pharyngeal function during swallowing in older adults with dysphagia: a videofluoroscopic study

Older adults with dysphagia often exhibit reduced oral function—such as decreased tongue pressure and diminished oral sensation—that can impair bolus formation and clearance, increasing the risk of aspiration. Although thickened liquids are widely used to enhance swallowing safet...