Mahmoud Najeb

Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of full-thickness abdominal wall injuries complicated by evisceration and fistulation in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Background Abdominal wall injuries in dromedary camels often result in life-threatening evisceration or persistent fistulation. While well documented in equines and bovines, standardized surgical management protocols and survival outcomes for camelids remain scarce in veterinary...