M Śmiałek

Avian metapneumovirus infections in poultry flocks in Poland – molecular evidence for emerging divergence from vaccine strains

Despite available vaccination strategies, respiratory disease caused by avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) has increased in Polish poultry in recent years. Between 2022 and 2025, 48 aMPV outbreaks were confirmed in chicken and turkey flocks, with positive vaccination status reported fo...