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The relationship between preoperative anxiety, self-efficacy, and positive coping style in lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Patients with lung cancer undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) may experience preoperative anxiety arising from cancer-related uncertainty and surgery-related concerns. Although VATS is less invasive than conventional thoracotomy, patients ma...