Lauri Pänkäläinen

Quantifying Non‐Maxwellian Properties of Ion Populations During Reconnection at Earth's Magnetopause

Abstract We investigate ion velocity‐space features within the exhaust of magnetopause reconnection using a global hybrid‐Vlasov simulation. The Hermite transform and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) are applied to quantify the complexity of velocity‐space structures that arise durin...