Kusworini Handono

Effects of Acupuncture at ST36 and SP6 on Activity Levels and Pain Thresholds Through Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, Cortisol, and Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Modulation in an Osteoarthritis Rat Model

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation, inflammation, and altered stress-related responses.This preclinical study examined the effects of acupuncture at ST36 (stomach 36), SP6 (spleen 6), and their combination on pai...