Keiichi Inoue

Reordering of Retinal Reactions Underlies Reversal of Proton-Pump Directionality

Abstract Light-driven proton-pumping rhodopsins transport protons either outward or inward across membranes, but the molecular determinants of transport vectoriality remain unclear. An outward proton-pumping rhodopsin from Pseudomonas putida (PspR) was previously converted into a...

Structures of methanogenic schizorhodopsins reveal divergent strategies for proton transport and thermal adaptation

Abstract Schizorhodopsins (SzRs) are light-driven inward proton pumps found in Asgard archaea, contrasting with most microbial rhodopsins that export protons. Some SzRs, including Methanoculleus taiwanensis SzR ( Mt SzR) and Methanoculleus sp. SzR ( M sSzR), exhibit remarkable he...